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| 3. Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet C51014-3.3 Features The serial configuration devices provide the following features: 1-, 4-, 16-, 64-, and 128-Mbit flash memory devices that serially configure Arria(R) series, Cyclone(R) series, all device families in the Stratix(R) series except the Stratix device family, and FPGAs using the active serial (AS) configuration scheme Easy-to-use four-pin interface Low cost, low-pin count, and non-volatile memory Low current during configuration and near-zero standby mode current 2.7-V to 3.6-V operation EPCS1 and EPCS4 available in 8-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package. EPCS16 available in 8-pin or 16-pin SOIC packages. EPCS64 and EPCS128 available in 16-pin SOIC package Enables the Nios(R) processor to access unused flash memory through AS memory interface Re-programmable memory with more than 100,000 erase/program cycles Write protection support for memory sectors using status register bits In-system programming support with SRunner software driver In-system programming support with USB BlasterTM, EthernetBlaster, or ByteBlasterTM II download cables Additional programming support with the Altera(R) Programming Unit (APU) and programming hardware from BP Microsystems, System General, and other vendors Delivered with the memory array erased (all the bits set to 1) 1 The term "serial configuration devices" used in this document refers to Altera EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-2 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Functional Description Functional Description With SRAM-based devices that support active serial configuration, configuration data must be reloaded each time the device powers up, the system reconfigures, or when new configuration data is required. Serial configuration devices are flash memory devices with a serial interface that can store configuration data for FPGA devices that support active serial configuration and reload the data to the device upon power-up or reconfiguration. Table 3-1 summarizes the features of the Altera configuration devices and the amount of configuration space they hold. Table 3-1. Altera Configuration Devices (Note 1), (2) Memory Size (bits) 1,048,576 4,194,304 16,777,216 67,108,864 134,217,728 On-Chip Decompression Support No No No No No ISP Support Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Cascading Support No No No No No Operating Voltage (V) 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 Device EPCS1 EPCS4 EPCS16 EPCS64 EPCS128 Reprogrammable Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Notes to Table 3-1: (1) To program these devices using Altera Programming Unit or Master Programming Unit, refer to Altera Programming Hardware Data Sheet. (2) The EPCS device can be re-programmed in system with Byte Blaster II download cable or an external microprocessor using SRunner. For more information about SRunner, refer to the AN418, SRunner: An Embedded Solution for EPCS Programming. For an 8-pin SOIC package, you can migrate vertically from the EPCS1 to the EPCS4 or EPCS16 because the EPCS devices are offered in the same device package. Similarly, for a 16-pin SOIC package, you can migrate vertically from the EPCS16 to the EPCS64 or EPCS128. Use the compression ratio calculation to determine the FPGA device to fit the EPCS. Example 3-1. Compression Ratio Calculation EP4SGX530 = 189,000,000 bits EPCS128 = 134,217,728 bits Preliminary data indicates that compression typically reduces the configuration bitstream size by 35% to 55%. We take the worst case that is 35% compression. 189,000,000 bits x 0.65 = 122,850,000 bits It fits EPCS128 device. With the new data-decompression feature in Arria series, Cyclone series, and all device families in the Stratix series except the Stratix device family, you can use smaller serial configuration devices to configure larger FPGAs. 1 f Serial configuration devices cannot be cascaded. For more information about the FPGA decompression feature, refer to the configuration chapter in the appropriate device handbook. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Active Serial FPGA Configuration 3-3 The serial configuration devices are designed to configure the Cyclone series and all device families in the Stratix series except the Stratix device family. It cannot configure other existing Altera FPGA device families. Figure 3-1 shows the serial configuration device block diagram. Figure 3-1. Serial Configuration Device Block Diagram Serial Configuration Device nCS DCLK Control Logic DATA I/O Shift Register ASDI Address Counter Data Buffer Status Register Decode Logic Memory Array Accessing Memory in Serial Configuration Devices You can access the unused memory locations of the serial configuration device to store or retrieve data through the Nios processor and SOPC Builder. SOPC Builder is an Altera tool for creating bus-based (especially microprocessor-based) systems in Altera devices. SOPC Builder assembles library components such as processors and memories into custom microprocessor systems. SOPC Builder includes the EPCS device controller core, which is an interface core specifically designed to work with the serial configuration device. With this core, you can create a system with a Nios embedded processor that allows software access to any memory location within the serial configuration device. f For more information about accessing memory within the serial configuration device, refer to the Active Serial Memory Interface Data Sheet. Active Serial FPGA Configuration The following Altera FPGAs support Active Serial (AS) configuration scheme with serial configuration devices: Arria series Cyclone series all device families in the Stratix series except the Stratix device family 1 This section is only relevant for FPGAs that support the AS configuration scheme. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-4 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Active Serial FPGA Configuration There are four signals on the serial configuration device that interface directly with the FPGA's control signals. The serial configuration device signals DATA, DCLK, ASDI, and nCS interface with DATA0, DCLK, ASDO, and nCSO control signals on the FPGA, respectively. Figure 3-2 shows a serial configuration device programmed via a download cable, which configures an FPGA in AS mode. Figure 3-3 shows a serial configuration device programmed using the APU or a third-party programmer configuring an FPGA in AS configuration mode. f For more information about the serial configuration device pin description, refer to Table 3-23. Figure 3-2. Altera FPGA Configuration in AS Mode (Serial Configuration Device Programmed Using Download Cable) (Note 1) , (4) VCC (1) 10 k VCC (1) VCC (1) 10 k Altera FPGA CONF_DONE nSTATUS Serial Configuration Device (2) 10 k DATA DCLK nCS ASDI DATA0 DCLK nCSO ASDO nCONFIG nCEO N.C. 10 k nCE MSEL[] (3) Pin 1 VCC (1) Notes to Figure 3-2: (1) For the VCC value, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. (2) Serial configuration devices cannot be cascaded. (3) Connect the FPGA MSEL[] input pins to select the AS configuration mode. For details, refer to the respective FPGA family chapter in the Configuration Handbook. (4) For more information about configuration pin I/O requirements in an AS scheme for an Altera FPGA, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Active Serial FPGA Configuration 3-5 Figure 3-3. Altera FPGA Configuration in AS Mode (Serial Configuration Device Programmed by APU or Third-Party Programmer) (Note 1), (4) VCC (1) 10 k VCC (1) VCC (1) 10 k Altera FPGA CONF_DONE nSTATUS Serial Configuration Device (2) nCONFIG nCEO N.C. 10 k nCE MSEL[] (3) DATA DCLK nCS ASDI DATA0 DCLK nCSO ASDO Notes to Figure 3-3: (1) For the VCC value, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. (2) Serial configuration devices cannot be cascaded. (3) Connect the FPGA MSEL[] input pins to select the AS configuration mode. For details, refer to the respective FPGA family chapter in the Configuration Handbook. (4) For more information about configuration pin I/O requirements in an AS scheme for an Altera FPGA, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter.. The FPGA acts as the configuration master in the configuration flow and provides the clock to the serial configuration device. The FPGA enables the serial configuration device by pulling the nCS signal low via the nCSO signal (refer to Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3). Subsequently, the FPGA sends the instructions and addresses to the serial configuration device via the ASDO signal. The serial configuration device responds to the instructions by sending the configuration data to the FPGA's DATA0 pin on the falling edge of DCLK. The data is latched into the FPGA on the next DCLK signal's falling edge. 1 Before the FPGA enters configuration mode, ensure that VCC of the EPCS is ready. If it is not, you must hold nCONFIG low until all power rails of EPCS are ready. The FPGA controls the nSTATUS and CONF_DONE pins during configuration in AS mode. If the CONF_DONE signal does not go high at the end of configuration or if the signal goes high too early, the FPGA will pulse its nSTATUS pin low to start reconfiguration. Upon successful configuration, the FPGA releases the CONF_DONE pin, allowing the external 10-k resistor to pull this signal high. Initialization begins after the CONF_DONE goes high. After initialization, the FPGA enters user mode. f For more information about configuring the FPGAs in AS mode or other configuration modes, refer to the Configuration chapter in the appropriate device handbook. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-6 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Active Serial FPGA Configuration Multiple devices can be configured by a single EPCS device. However, serial configuration devices cannot be cascaded. Refer to Table 3-1 to ensure the programming file size of the cascaded FPGAs does not exceed the capacity of a serial configuration device. Figure 3-4 shows the AS configuration scheme with multiple FPGAs in the chain. The first FPGA is the configuration master and has its MSEL[] pins set to AS mode. The following FPGAs are configuration slave devices and have their MSEL[] pins set to PS mode. Figure 3-4. Multiple Devices in AS Mode (Note 1), (5) VCC (1) 10 k VCC (1) 10 k VCC (1) 10 k Altera FPGA (Master) CONF_DONE nSTATUS Serial Configuration Device (2) nCONFIG Altera FPGA (Slave) CONF_DONE nSTATUS nCONFIG nCE nCEO MSEL[] nCE nCEO MSEL[ ] N.C. (3) DATA0 DCLK (4) DATA DCLK nCS ASDI DATA0 DCLK nCSO ASDO Notes to Figure 3-4: (1) For the VCC value, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. (2) Serial configuration devices cannot be cascaded. (3) Connect the FPGA MSEL[] input pins to select the AS configuration mode. For details, refer to the appropriate FPGA family chapter in the Configuration Handbook. (4) Connect the FPGA MSEL[] input pins to select the PS configuration mode. For details, refer to the appropriate FPGA family chapter in the Configuration Handbook. (5) For more information about configuration pin I/O requirements in an AS scheme for an Altera FPGA, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-7 Serial Configuration Device Memory Access This section describes the serial configuration device's memory array organization and operation codes. Timing specifications for the memory are provided in the "Timing Information" section. Memory Array Organization Table 3-2 provides details about the memory array organization in EPCS128, EPCS64, EPCS16, EPCS4, and EPCS1. Table 3-2. Memory Array Organization in Serial Configuration Devices Details Bytes (bits) Number of sectors Bytes (bits) per sector Pages per sector Total number of pages Bytes per page EPCS128 16,777,216 bytes (128 Mbits) 64 262,144 bytes (2 Mbits) 1,024 65,536 256 bytes EPCS64 8,388,608 bytes (64 Mbits) 128 65,536 bytes (512 Kbits) 256 32,768 256 bytes EPCS16 2,097,152 bytes (16 Mbits) 32 65,536 bytes (512 Kbits) 256 8,192 256 bytes EPCS4 524,288 bytes (4 Mbits) 8 65,536 bytes (512 Kbits) 256 2,048 256 bytes EPCS1 131,072 bytes (1 Mbit) 4 32,768 bytes (256 Kbits) 128 512 256 bytes Table 3-3 through Table 3-7 list the address range for each sector in EPCS128, EPCS64, EPCS16, EPCS4, and EPCS1. Table 3-3. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS128 (Part 1 of 3) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 Start H'FC0000 H'F80000 H'F40000 H'F00000 H'EC0000 H'E80000 H'E40000 H'E00000 H'DC0000 H'D80000 H'D40000 H'D00000 H'CC0000 H'C80000 H'C40000 H'C00000 End H'FFFFFF H'FBFFFF H'F7FFFF H'F3FFFF H'EFFFFF H'EBFFFF H'E7FFFF H'E3FFFF H'DFFFFF H'DBFFFF H'D7FFFF H'D3FFFF H'CFFFFF H'CBFFFF H'C7FFFF H'C3FFFF (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-8 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Table 3-3. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS128 (Part 2 of 3) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Start H'BC0000 H'B80000 H'B40000 H'B00000 H'AC0000 H'A80000 H'A40000 H'A00000 H'9C0000 H'980000 H'940000 H'900000 H'8C0000 H'880000 H'840000 H'800000 H'7C0000 H'780000 H'740000 H'700000 H'6C0000 H'680000 H'640000 H'600000 H'5C0000 H'580000 H'540000 H'500000 H'4C0000 H'480000 H'440000 H'400000 H'3C0000 H'380000 H'340000 H'300000 H'2C0000 H'280000 End H'BFFFFF H'BBFFFF H'B7FFFF H'B3FFFF H'AFFFFF H'ABFFFF H'A7FFFF H'A3FFFF H'9FFFFF H'9BFFFF H'97FFFF H'93FFFF H'8FFFFF H'8BFFFF H'87FFFF H'83FFFF H'7FFFFF H'7BFFFF H'77FFFF H'73FFFF H'6FFFFF H'6BFFFF H'67FFFF H'63FFFF H'5FFFFF H'5BFFFF H'57FFFF H'53FFFF H'4FFFFF H'4BFFFF H'47FFFF H'43FFFF H'3FFFFF H'3BFFFF H'37FFFF H'33FFFF H'2FFFFF H'2BFFFF Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-9 Table 3-3. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS128 (Part 3 of 3) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Start H'240000 H'200000 H'1C0000 H'180000 H'140000 H'100000 H'0C0000 H'080000 H'040000 H'000000 End H'27FFFF H'23FFFF H'1FFFFF H'1BFFFF H'17FFFF H'13FFFF H'0FFFFF H'0BFFFF H'07FFFF H'03FFFF Table 3-4. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS64 (Part 1 of 4) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 127 126 125 124 123 122 121 120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 104 Start H'7F0000 H'7E0000 H'7D0000 H'7C0000 H'7B0000 H'7A0000 H'790000 H'780000 H'770000 H'760000 H'750000 H'740000 H'730000 H'720000 H'710000 H'700000 H'6F0000 H'6E0000 H'6D0000 H'6C0000 H'6B0000 H'6A0000 H'690000 H'680000 End H'7FFFFF H'7EFFFF H'7DFFFF H'7CFFFF H'7BFFFF H'7AFFFF H'79FFFF H'78FFFF H'77FFFF H'76FFFF H'75FFFF H'74FFFF H'73FFFF H'72FFFF H'71FFFF H'70FFFF H'6FFFFF H'6EFFFF H'6DFFFF H'6CFFFF H'6BFFFF H'6AFFFF H'69FFFF H'68FFFF (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-10 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Table 3-4. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS64 (Part 2 of 4) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 103 102 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 Start H'670000 H'660000 H'650000 H'640000 H'630000 H'620000 H'610000 H'600000 H'5F0000 H'5E0000 H'5D0000 H'5C0000 H'5B0000 H'5A0000 H'590000 H'580000 H'570000 H'560000 H'550000 H'540000 H'530000 H'520000 H'510000 H'500000 H'4F0000 H'4E0000 H'4D0000 H'4C0000 H'4B0000 H'4A0000 H'490000 H'480000 H'470000 H'460000 H'450000 H'440000 H'430000 H'420000 End H'67FFFF H'66FFFF H'65FFFF H'64FFFF H'63FFFF H'62FFFF H'61FFFF H'60FFFF H'5FFFFF H'5EFFFF H'5DFFFF H'5CFFFF H'5BFFFF H'5AFFFF H'59FFFF H'58FFFF H'57FFFF H'56FFFF H'55FFFF H'54FFFF H'53FFFF H'52FFFF H'51FFFF H'50FFFF H'4FFFFF H'4EFFFF H'4DFFFF H'4CFFFF H'4BFFFF H'4AFFFF H'49FFFF H'48FFFF H'47FFFF H'46FFFF H'45FFFF H'44FFFF H'43FFFF H'42FFFF Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-11 Table 3-4. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS64 (Part 3 of 4) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 Start H'410000 H'400000 H'3F0000 H'3E0000 H'3D0000 H'3C0000 H'3B0000 H'3A0000 H'390000 H'380000 H'370000 H'360000 H'350000 H'340000 H'330000 H'320000 H'310000 H'300000 H'2F0000 H'2E0000 H'2D0000 H'2C0000 H'2B0000 H'2A0000 H'290000 H'280000 H'270000 H'260000 H'250000 H'240000 H'230000 H'220000 H'210000 H'200000 H'1F0000 H'1E0000 H'1D0000 H'1C0000 End H'41FFFF H'40FFFF H'3FFFFF H'3EFFFF H'3DFFFF H'3CFFFF H'3BFFFF H'3AFFFF H'39FFFF H'38FFFF H'37FFFF H'36FFFF H'35FFFF H'34FFFF H'33FFFF H'32FFFF H'31FFFF H'30FFFF H'2FFFFF H'2EFFFF H'2DFFFF H'2CFFFF H'2BFFFF H'2AFFFF H'29FFFF H'28FFFF H'27FFFF H'26FFFF H'25FFFF H'24FFFF H'23FFFF H'22FFFF H'21FFFF H'20FFFF H'1FFFFF H'1EFFFF H'1DFFFF H'1CFFFF (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-12 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Table 3-4. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS64 (Part 4 of 4) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Start H'1B0000 H'1A0000 H'190000 H'180000 H'170000 H'160000 H'150000 H'140000 H'130000 H'120000 H'110000 H'100000 H'0F0000 H'0E0000 H'0D0000 H'0C0000 H'0B0000 H'0A0000 H'090000 H'080000 H'070000 H'060000 H'050000 H'040000 H'030000 H'020000 H'010000 H'000000 End H'1BFFFF H'1AFFFF H'19FFFF H'18FFFF H'17FFFF H'16FFFF H'15FFFF H'14FFFF H'13FFFF H'12FFFF H'11FFFF H'10FFFF H'0FFFFF H'0EFFFF H'0DFFFF H'0CFFFF H'0BFFFF H'0AFFFF H'09FFFF H'08FFFF H'07FFFF H'06FFFF H'05FFFF H'04FFFF H'03FFFF H'02FFFF H'01FFFF H'00FFFF Table 3-5. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS16 (Part 1 of 2) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 31 30 29 28 27 26 Start H'1F0000 H'1E0000 H'1D0000 H'1C0000 H'1B0000 H'1A0000 End H'1FFFFF H'1EFFFF H'1DFFFF H'1CFFFF H'1BFFFF H'1AFFFF Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-13 Table 3-5. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS16 (Part 2 of 2) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Start H'190000 H'180000 H'170000 H'160000 H'150000 H'140000 H'130000 H'120000 H'110000 H'100000 H'0F0000 H'0E0000 H'0D0000 H'0C0000 H'0B0000 H'0A0000 H'090000 H'080000 H'070000 H'060000 H'050000 H'040000 H'030000 H'020000 H'010000 H'000000 End H'19FFFF H'18FFFF H'17FFFF H'16FFFF H'15FFFF H'14FFFF H'13FFFF H'12FFFF H'11FFFF H'10FFFF H'0FFFFF H'0EFFFF H'0DFFFF H'0CFFFF H'0BFFFF H'0AFFFF H'09FFFF H'08FFFF H'07FFFF H'06FFFF H'05FFFF H'04FFFF H'03FFFF H'02FFFF H'01FFFF H'00FFFF Table 3-6. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS4 (Part 1 of 2) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 7 6 5 4 3 2 Start H'70000 H'60000 H'50000 H'40000 H'30000 H'20000 End H'7FFFF H'6FFFF H'5FFFF H'4FFFF H'3FFFF H'2FFFF (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-14 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Table 3-6. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS4 (Part 2 of 2) Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 1 0 Start H'10000 H'00000 End H'1FFFF H'0FFFF Table 3-7. Address Range for Sectors in EPCS1 Address Range (Byte Addresses in HEX) Sector 3 2 1 0 Start H'18000 H'10000 H'08000 H'00000 End H'1FFFF H'17FFF H'0FFFF H'07FFF Operation Codes This section describes the operations that can be used to access the memory in serial configuration devices. The DATA, DCLK, ASDI, and nCS signals access the memory in serial configuration devices. All serial configuration device operation codes, addresses and data are shifted in and out of the device serially, with the most significant bit (MSB) first. The device samples the active serial data input on the first rising edge of the DCLK after the active low chip select (nCS) input signal is driven low. Shift the operation code (MSB first) serially into the serial configuration device through the active serial data input (ASDI) pin. Each operation code bit is latched into the serial configuration device on the rising edge of the DCLK. Different operations require a different sequence of inputs. While executing an operation, you must shift in the desired operation code, followed by the address bytes, data bytes, both, or neither. The device must drive nCS high after the last bit of the operation sequence is shifted in. Table 3-8 lists the operation sequence for every operation supported by the serial configuration devices. For the read byte, read status, and read silicon ID operations, the shifted-in operation sequence is followed by data shifted out on the DATA pin. You can drive the nCS pin high after any bit of the data-out sequence is shifted out. For the write byte, erase bulk, erase sector, write enable, write disable, and write status operations, drive the nCS pin high exactly at a byte boundary (drive the nCS pin high a multiple of eight clock pulses after the nCS pin is driven low); otherwise, the operation is rejected and is not executed. All attempts to access the memory contents while a write or erase cycle is in progress will not be granted, and the write or erase cycle will continue unaffected. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-15 Table 3-8. Operation Codes for Serial Configuration Devices Operation Write enable Write disable Read status Read bytes Read silicon ID (4) Fast read Write status Write bytes Erase bulk Erase sector Read Device Identification (5) Notes to Table 3-8: (1) The MSB is listed first and the least significant bit (LSB) is listed last. (2) The status register, data or silicon ID are read out at least once on the DATA pin and will continuously be read out until nCS is driven high. (3) Write bytes operation requires at least one data byte on the DATA pin. If more than 256 bytes are sent to the device, only the last 256 bytes are written to the memory. (4) Read silicon ID operation is available only for EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, and EPCS64. (5) Read Device Identification operation is available only for EPCS128. Operation Code (1) 0000 0110 0000 0100 0000 0101 0000 0011 1010 1011 0000 1011 0000 0001 0000 0010 1100 0111 1101 1000 1001 1111 Address Bytes 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 0 Dummy Bytes 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 2 Data Bytes 0 0 1 to infinite (2) 1 to infinite (2) 1 to infinite (2) 1 to infinite (2) 1 1 to 256 (3) 0 0 1 to infinite (2) DCLK fMAX (MHz) 25 25 25 20 25 40 25 25 25 25 25 Write Enable Operation The write enable operation code is b'0000 0110, and the MSB is listed first. The write enable operation sets the write enable latch bit, which is bit 1 in the status register. Always set the write enable latch bit before write bytes, write status, erase bulk, and erase sector operations. Figure 3-5 shows the timing diagram for the write enable operation. Figure 3-7 and Figure 3-8 show the status register bit definitions. Figure 3-5. Write Enable Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DATA High Impedance (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-16 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Write Disable Operation The write disable operation code is b'0000 0100, with the MSB listed first. The write disable operation resets the write enable latch bit, which is bit 1 in the status register. To prevent the memory from being written unintentionally, the write enable latch bit is automatically reset when implementing the write disable operation as well as under the following conditions: Power up Write bytes operation completion Write status operation completion Erase bulk operation completion Erase sector operation completion Figure 3-6 shows the timing diagram for the write disable operation. Figure 3-6. Write Disable Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DATA High Impedance Read Status Operation The read status operation code is b'0000 0101, with the MSB listed first. You can use the read status operation to read the status register. Figure 3-7 and Figure 3-8 show the status bits in the status register of the serial configuration devices. Figure 3-7. EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128 Status Register Status Bits Bit 7 BP2 BP1 BP0 WEL Bit 0 WIP Block Protect Bits [2..0] Write In Progress Bit Write Enable Latch Bit Figure 3-8. EPCS1 Status Register Status Bits Bit 7 BP1 BP0 WEL Bit 0 WIP Block Protect Bits [1..0] Write In Progress Bit Write Enable Latch Bit Setting the write in progress bit to 1 indicates that the serial configuration device is busy with a write or erase cycle. Resetting the write in progress bit to 0 means no write or erase cycle is in progress. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-17 Resetting the write enable latch bit to 0 indicates that no write or erase cycle will be accepted. Set the write enable latch bit to 1 before every write bytes, write status, erase bulk, and erase sector operation. The non-volatile block protect bits determine the area of the memory protected from being written or erased unintentionally. Table 3-9 through Table 3-13 list the protected area in the serial configuration devices with reference to the block protect bits. The erase bulk operation is only available when all the block protect bits are 0. When any of the block protect bits are set to 1, the relevant area is protected from being written by write bytes operations or erased by erase sector operations. Table 3-9. Block Protection Bits in EPCS1 Status Register Content BP1 Bit 0 0 1 1 BP0 Bit 0 1 0 1 None Sector 3 Two sectors: 2 and 3 All sectors Memory Content Protected Area Unprotected Area All four sectors: 0 to 3 Three sectors: 0 to 2 Two sectors: 0 and 1 None Table 3-10. Block Protection Bits in EPCS4 Status Register Content BP2 Bit 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 BP1 Bit 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 BP0 Bit 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 None Sector 7 Sectors 6 and 7 Four sectors: 4 to 7 All sectors All sectors All sectors All sectors Memory Content Protected Area Unprotected Area All eight sectors: 0 to 7 Seven sectors: 0 to 6 Six sectors: 0 to 5 Four sectors: 0 to 3 None None None None Table 3-11. Block Protection Bits in EPCS16 (Part 1 of 2) Status Register Content BP2 Bit 0 0 0 0 1 1 BP1 Bit 0 0 1 1 0 0 BP0 Bit 0 1 0 1 0 1 None Upper 32nd (Sector 31) Upper sixteenth (two sectors: 30 and 31) Upper eighth (four sectors: 28 to 31) Upper quarter (eight sectors: 24 to 31) Upper half (sixteen sectors: 16 to 31) Protected Area Memory Content Unprotected Area All sectors (32 sectors 0 to 31) Lower 31/32nds (31 sectors: 0 to 30) Lower 15/16ths (30 sectors: 0 to 29) Lower seven-eighths (28 sectors: 0 to 27) Lower three-quarters (24 sectors: 0 to 23) Lower half (16 sectors: 0 to 15) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-18 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Table 3-11. Block Protection Bits in EPCS16 (Part 2 of 2) Status Register Content BP2 Bit 1 1 BP1 Bit 1 1 BP0 Bit 0 1 Protected Area All sectors (32 sectors: 0 to 31) All sectors (32 sectors: 0 to 31) None None Memory Content Unprotected Area Table 3-12. Block Protection Bits in EPCS64 Status Register Content BP2 Bit 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 BP1 Bit 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 BP0 Bit 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 None Upper 64th (2 sectors: 126 and 127) Upper 32nd (4 sectors: 124 to 127) Upper sixteenth (8 sectors: 120 to 127) Upper eighth (16 sectors: 112 to 127) Upper quarter (32 sectors: 96 to 127) Upper half (64 sectors: 64 to 127) All sectors (128 sectors: 0 to 127) Protected Area Memory Content Unprotected Area All sectors (128 sectors: 0 to 127) Lower 63/64ths (126 sectors: 0 to 125) Lower 31/32nds (124 sectors: 0 to 123) Lower 15/16ths (120 sectors: 0 to 119) Lower seven-eighths (112 sectors: 0 to 111) Lower three-quarters (96 sectors: 0 to 95) Lower half (64 sectors: 0 to 63) None Table 3-13. Block Protection Bits in EPCS128 Status Register Content BP2 Bit 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 BP1 Bit 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 BP0 Bit 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 None Upper 64th (1 sector: 63) Upper 32nd (2 sectors: 62 to 63) Upper 16th (4 sectors: 60 to 63) Upper 8th (8 sectors: 56 to 63) Upper quarter (16 sectors: 48 to 63) Upper half (32 sectors: 32 to 63) All sectors (64 sectors: 0 to 63) Protected Area Memory Content Unprotected Area All sectors (64 sectors: 0 to 63) Lower 63/64ths (63 sectors: 0 to 62) Lower 31/32nds (62 sectors: 0 to 61) Lower 15/16ths (60 sectors: 0 to 59) Lower seven-eighths (56 sectors: 0 to 55) Lower three-quarters (48 sectors: 0 to 47) Lower half (32 sectors: 0 to 31) None You can read the status register at any time, even while a write or erase cycle is in progress. When one of these cycles is in progress, you can check the write in progress bit (bit 0 of the status register) before sending a new operation to the device. The device can also read the status register continuously, as shown in Figure 3-9. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-19 Figure 3-9. Read Status Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI Status Register Out High Impedance DATA 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 Status Register Out 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Write Status Operation The write status operation code is b'0000 0001, with the MSB listed first. Use the write status operation to set the status register block protection bits. The write status operation has no effect on the other bits. Therefore, you can implement this operation to protect certain memory sectors, as defined in Table 3-9 through Table 3-13. After setting the block protect bits, the protected memory sectors are treated as read-only memory. You must execute the write enable operation before the write status operation so the device sets the status register's write enable latch bit to 1. The write status operation is implemented by driving nCS low, followed by shifting in the write status operation code and one data byte for the status register on the ASDI pin. Figure 3-10 shows the timing diagram for the write status operation. nCS must be driven high after the eighth bit of the data byte has been latched in, otherwise, the write status operation is not executed. Immediately after nCS drives high, the device initiates the self-timed write status cycle. The self-timed write status cycle usually takes 5 ms for all serial configuration devices and is guaranteed to be less than 15 ms (refer to tWS in Table 3-16). You must account for this delay to ensure that the status register is written with desired block protect bits. Alternatively, you can check the write in progress bit in the status register by executing the read status operation while the self-timed write status cycle is in progress. The write in progress bit is 1 during the self-timed write status cycle, and 0 when it is complete. Figure 3-10. Write Status Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 7 MSB High Impedance DATA 6 5 Status Register 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-20 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Read Bytes Operation The read bytes operation code is b'0000 0011, with the MSB listed first. To read the memory contents of the serial configuration device, the device is first selected by driving nCS low. Then, the read bytes operation code is shifted in followed by a 3-byte address (A[23..0]). Each address bit must be latched in on the rising edge of the DCLK. After the address is latched in, the memory contents of the specified address are shifted out serially on the DATA pin, beginning with the MSB. For reading Raw Programming Data files (.rpd), the content is shifted out serially beginning with the LSB. Each data bit is shifted out on the falling edge of DCLK. The maximum DCLK frequency during the read bytes operation is 20 MHz. Figure 3-11 shows the timing diagram for the read bytes operation. The first byte address can be at any location. The device automatically increments the address to the next higher address after shifting out each byte of data. Therefore, the device can read the whole memory with a single read bytes operation. When the device reaches the highest address, the address counter restarts at 0x000000, allowing the memory contents to be read out indefinitely until the read bytes operation is terminated by driving nCS high. The device can drive nCS high any time after data is shifted out. If the read bytes operation is shifted in while a write or erase cycle is in progress, the operation is not executed and has no effect on the write or erase cycle in progress. Figure 3-11. Read Bytes Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 23 MSB High Impedance DATA 7 MSB (2) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 22 21 24-Bit Address (1) 3 2 1 0 DATA Out 1 DATA Out 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Notes to Figure 3-11: (1) Address bit A[23] is a don't-care bit in EPCS64. Address bits A[23..21] are don't-care bits in EPCS16. Address bits A[23..19] are don'tcare bits in EPCS4. Address bits A[23..17] are don't-care bits in the EPCS1. (2) For .rpd files, the read sequence shifts out the LSB of the data byte first. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-21 Fast Read Operation The device is first selected by driving nCS low. The fast read instruction code is followed by a 3-byte address (A23-A0) and a dummy byte, each bit being latched-in during the rising edge of DCLK. Then the memory contents, at that address, is shifted out on DATA, each bit being shifted out, at a maximum frequency of 40 MHz, during the falling edge of DCLK. The instruction sequence is shown in Figure 3-12. The first byte addressed can be at any location. The address is automatically incremented to the next higher address after each byte of data is shifted out. The whole memory can, therefore, be read with a single fast read instruction. When the highest address is reached, the address counter rolls over to 000000h, allowing the read sequence to be continued indefinitely. The fast read instruction is terminated by driving nCS high at any time during data output. Any fast read instruction is rejected during the Erase, Program, or Write operations without any effect on the operation that is in progress . Figure 3-12. FAST_READ Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 23 MSB High Impedance DATA 22 21 24-Bit Address (1) 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 28 29 30 31 nCS 32 DCLK Dummy Byte ASDI 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DATA Out 1 DATA Out 2 DATA 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 MSB Note to Figure 3-12: (1) Address bit A[23] is a don't-care bit in EPCS64. Address bits A[23..21] are don't-care bits in EPCS16. Address bits A[23..19] are don't-care bits in EPCS4. Address bits A[23..17] are don't-care bits in the EPCS1. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-22 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access Read Silicon ID Operation The read silicon ID operation code is b'1010 1011, with the MSB listed first. Only EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, and EPCS64 support this operation. It reads the serial configuration device's 8-bit silicon ID from the DATA output pin. If this operation is shifted in during an erase or write cycle, it is ignored and has no effect on the cycle that is in progress. Table 3-14 lists the serial configuration device silicon IDs. Table 3-14. Serial Configuration Device Silicon ID Serial Configuration Device EPCS1 EPCS4 EPCS16 EPCS64 Silicon ID (Binary Value) b'0001 0000 b'0001 0010 b'0001 0100 b'0001 0110 The device implements the read silicon ID operation by driving nCS low then shifting in the read silicon ID operation code followed by three dummy bytes on ASDI. The serial configuration device's 8-bit silicon ID is then shifted out on the DATA pin on the falling edge of DCLK, as shown in Figure 3-13. The device can terminate the read silicon ID operation by driving nCS high after the silicon ID has been read at least once. Sending additional clock cycles on DCLK while nCS is driven low can cause the silicon ID to be shifted out repeatedly. Figure 3-13. Read Silicon ID Operation Timing Diagram (Note 1) nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 23 MSB High Impedance DATA 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 22 21 Three Dummy Bytes 3 2 1 0 Silicon ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Note to Figure 3-13: (1) Only EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, and EPCS64 support Read Silicon ID operation. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-23 Read Device Identification Operation The read device identification operation code is b'1001 1111, with the MSB listed first. Only EPCS128 supports this operation. It reads the serial configuration device's 8-bit device identification from the DATA output pin. If this operation is shifted in during an erase or write cycle, it is ignored and has no effect on the cycle that is in progress. Table 3-15 shows the serial configuration device identification. Table 3-15. Serial Configuration Device Identification Serial Configuration Device EPCS128 Silicon ID (Binary Value) b'0001 1000 The device implements the read device identification operation by driving nCS low then shifting in the read device identification operation code followed by two dummy byte on ASDI. The serial configuration device's 16-bit device identification is then shifted out on the DATA pin on the falling edge of DCLK, as shown in Figure 3-14. The device can terminate the read device identification operation by driving nCS high after reading the device identification at least once. Figure 3-14. Read Device Identification Operation Timing Diagram (Note 1) nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 15 MSB High Impedance DATA 7 MSB 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 14 13 Two Dummy Bytes 3 2 1 0 Silicon ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Note to Figure 3-14: (1) Only EPCS128 supports read device identification operation. Write Bytes Operation The write bytes operation code is b'0000 0010, with the MSB listed first. The write bytes operation allows bytes to be written to the memory. The write enable operation must be executed prior to the write bytes operation to set the write enable latch bit in the status register to 1. The write bytes operation is implemented by driving nCS low, followed by the write bytes operation code, three address bytes and a minimum one data byte on ASDI. If the eight least significant address bits (A[7..0]) are not all 0, all sent data that goes beyond the end of the current page is not written into the next page. Instead, this data is written at the start address of the same page (from the address whose eight LSBs are all 0). Drive nCS low during the entire write bytes operation sequence, as shown in Figure 3-15. If more than 256 data bytes are shifted into the serial configuration device with a write bytes operation, the previously latched data is discarded and the last 256 bytes are written to the page. However, if less than 256 data bytes are shifted into the serial configuration device, they are guaranteed to be written at the specified addresses and the other bytes of the same page are unaffected. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-24 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access If the design must write more than 256 data bytes to the memory, it needs more than one page of memory. Send the write enable and write bytes operation codes followed by three new targeted address bytes and 256 data bytes before a new page is written. nCS must be driven high after the eighth bit of the last data byte has been latched in. Otherwise, the device will not execute the write bytes operation. The write enable latch bit in the status register is reset to 0 before the completion of each write bytes operation. Therefore, the write enable operation must be carried out before the next write bytes operation. The device initiates the self-timed write cycle immediately after nCS is driven high. Refer to tWB in Table 3-16 on page 3-27 for the self-timed write cycle time for the respective EPCS devices. Therefore, you must account for this amount of delay before another page of memory is written. Alternatively, you can check the status register's write in progress bit by executing the read status operation while the self-timed write cycle is in progress. The write in progress bit is set to 1 during the self-timed write cycle, and 0 when it is complete. 1 The bytes of serial configuration devices memory must be erased to all 1 or 0xFF before write bytes operation is implemented. This can be achieved by either using the erase sector instruction in a sector, or the erase bulk instruction throughout the entire memory. Figure 3-15. Write Bytes Operation Timing Diagram (Note 1) nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 23 MSB 22 21 24-Bit Address (2) 3 2 1 0 7 MSB (3) 6 5 Data Byte 1 4 3 2 1 0 7 MSB (3) 6 5 Data Byte 2 4 3 2 1 0 7 MSB (3) 6 5 Data Byte 256 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076 2077 2078 2079 Notes to Figure 3-15: (1) Use the erase sector or the erase bulk instruction to initialize the memory bytes of the serial configuration devices to all 1 or 0xFF before implementing the write bytes operation. (2) Address bit A[23] is a don't-care bit in EPCS64. Address bits A[23..21] are don't-care bits in EPCS16. Address bits A[23..19] are don't-care bits in EPCS4. Address bits A[23..17] are don't-care bits in EPCS1. (3) For .rpd files, write the LSB of the data byte first. Erase Bulk Operation The erase bulk operation code is b'1100 0111, with the MSB listed first. The erase bulk operation sets all memory bits to 1 or 0xFF. Similar to the write bytes operation, the write enable operation must be executed prior to the erase bulk operation so that the write enable latch bit in the status register is set to 1. You can implement the erase bulk operation by driving nCS low and then shifting in the erase bulk operation code on the ASDI pin. nCS must be driven high after the eighth bit of the erase bulk operation code has been latched in. Figure 3-16 shows the timing diagram. The device initiates the self-timed erase bulk cycle immediately after nCS is driven high. Refer to tEB in Table 3-16 for the self-timed erase bulk cycle time for the respective EPCS devices. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Serial Configuration Device Memory Access 3-25 You must account for this delay before accessing the memory contents. Alternatively, you can check the write in progress bit in the status register by executing the read status operation while the self-timed erase cycle is in progress. The write in progress bit is 1 during the self-timed erase cycle and 0 when it is complete. The write enable latch bit in the status register is reset to 0 before the erase cycle is complete. Figure 3-16. Erase Bulk Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Erase Sector Operation The erase sector operation code is b'1101 1000, with the MSB listed first. The erase sector operation allows the user to erase a certain sector in the serial configuration device by setting all bits inside the sector to 1 or 0xFF. This operation is useful for users who access the unused sectors as general purpose memory in their applications. The write enable operation must be executed prior to the erase sector operation so that the write enable latch bit in the status register is set to 1. The erase sector operation is implemented by first driving nCS low, then shifting in the erase sector operation code and the three address bytes of the chosen sector on the ASDI pin. The three address bytes for the erase sector operation can be any address inside the specified sector. (Refer to Table 3-3 through Table 3-7 for sector address range information.) Drive nCS high after the eighth bit of the erase sector operation code has been latched in. Figure 3-17 shows the timing diagram. Immediately after the device drives nCS high, the self-timed erase sector cycle is initiated. Refer to tES in Table 3-16 for the self-timed erase sector cycle time for the respective EPCS devices. You must account for this amount of delay before the memory contents can be accessed. Alternatively, you can check the write in progress bit in the status register by executing the read status operation while the erase cycle is in progress. The write in progress bit is 1 during the self-timed erase cycle and 0 when it is complete. The write enable latch bit in the status register resets to 0 before the erase cycle is complete. Figure 3-17. Erase Sector Operation Timing Diagram nCS 0 DCLK Operation Code ASDI 23 MSB 22 24-Bit Address (1) 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 28 29 30 31 Note to Figure 3-17: (1) Address bit A[23] is a don't-care bit in EPCS64. Address bits A[23..21] are don't-care bits in EPCS16. Address bits A[23..19] are don'tcare bits in EPCS4. Address bits A[23..17] are don't-care bits in EPCS1. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-26 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Power and Operation Power and Operation This section describes the power modes, power-on reset (POR) delay, error detection, and initial programming state of serial configuration devices. Power Mode Serial configuration devices support active power and standby power modes. When nCS is low, the device is enabled and is in active power mode. The FPGA is configured while in active power mode. When nCS is high, the device is disabled but could remain in active power mode until all internal cycles have completed (such as write or erase operations). The serial configuration device then goes into stand-by power mode. The ICC1 parameter specifies the VCC supply current when the device is in active power mode and the ICC0 parameter specifies the current when the device is in stand-by power mode (refer to Table 3-21). Power-On Reset During initial power-up, a POR delay occurs to ensure the system voltage levels have stabilized. During AS configuration, the FPGA controls the configuration and has a longer POR delay than the serial configuration device. f For the POR delay time, refer to the configuration chapter in the appropriate device handbook. Error Detection During AS configuration with the serial configuration device, the FPGA monitors the configuration status through the nSTATUS and CONF_DONE pins. If an error condition occurs (nSTATUS drives low) or if the CONF_DONE pin does not go high, the FPGA will begin reconfiguration by pulsing the nSTATUS and nCSO signals, which controls the chip select pin on the serial configuration device (nCS). After an error, configuration automatically restarts if the Auto-Restart Upon Frame Error option is turned on in the Quartus(R) II software. If the option is turned off, the system must monitor the nSTATUS signal for errors and then pulse the nCONFIG signal low to restart configuration. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Timing Information 3-27 Timing Information Figure 3-18 shows the timing waveform for write operation to the serial configuration device. Figure 3-18. Write Operation Timing tCSH nCS tNCSH DCLK tDSU ASDI Bit n tDH Bit n 1 Bit 0 tNCSSU tCH tCL DATA High Impedance Table 3-16 defines the serial configuration device timing parameters for write operation. Table 3-16. Write Operation Parameters Symbol fWCLK Parameter Write clock frequency (from FPGA, download cable, or embedded processor) for write enable, write disable, read status, read silicon ID, write bytes, erase bulk, and erase sector operations DCLK high time DCLK low time Chip select (nCS) setup time Chip select (nCS) hold time Data (ASDI) in setup time before rising edge on DCLK Data (ASDI) hold time after rising edge on DCLK Chip select high time Write bytes cycle time for EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, and EPCS64 Write bytes cycle time for EPCS128 tWS (1) tEB (1) Write status cycle time Erase bulk cycle time for EPCS1 Erase bulk cycle time for EPCS4 Erase bulk cycle time for EPCS16 Erase bulk cycle time for EPCS64 Erase bulk cycle time for EPCS128 tES (1) Erase sector cycle time for EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, and EPCS64 Erase sector cycle time for EPCS128 Note to Table 3-16: (1) These parameters are not shown in Figure 3-18. Min -- Typ -- Max 25 Unit MHz tCH tCL tNCSSU tNCSH tDSU tDH tCSH tWB (1) 20 20 10 10 5 5 100 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.5 2.5 5 3 5 17 68 105 2 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5 7 15 6 10 40 160 250 3 6 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ms ms ms s s s s s s s (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-28 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Timing Information Figure 3-19 shows the timing waveform for the serial configuration device's read operation. Figure 3-19. Read Operation Timing nCS tCH DCLK tnCLK2D DATA Bit N Bit N 1 tCL Bit 0 tODIS ASDI Add_Bit 0 Table 3-17 defines the serial configuration device timing parameters for read operation. Table 3-17. Read Operation Parameters Symbol fRCLK Parameter Read clock frequency (from FPGA or embedded processor) for read bytes operation DCLK high time DCLK low time Output disable time after read Clock falling edge to data Min -- Max 20 Unit MHz tCH tCL tODIS tnCLK2D 25 25 -- -- -- -- 15 8 ns ns ns ns 1 Existing batches of EPCS1 and EPCS4 manufactured on 0.15 m process geometry support AS configuration up to 40 MHz. However, batches of EPCS1 and EPCS4 manufactured on 0.18 m process geometry support only up to 20 MHz. EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128 are not affected. For information about product traceability and transition date to differentiate between 0.15 m process geometry and 0.18 m process geometry EPCS1 and EPCS4, refer tothe Process Change Notification PCN 0514: Manufacturing Changes on EPCS Family. f Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Timing Information 3-29 Figure 3-20 shows the timing waveform for FPGA AS configuration scheme using a serial configuration device. Figure 3-20. AS Configuration Timing tCF2ST1 nCONFIG nSTATUS CONF_DONE nCSO DCLK ASDO Read Address DATA0 bit N bit N-1 bit 1 bit 0 tCD2UM (1) INIT_DONE User I/O User Mode Tri-stated with internal pull-up resistor Note to Figure 3-20: (1) tCD2UM is a FPGA dependent parameter. For more information, refer to the respective device configuration chapters. f For more information about the timing parameters in Figure 3-20, refer to the respective FPGA family handbook Configuration chapter. (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-30 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Programming and Configuration File Support Programming and Configuration File Support The Quartus II software provides programming support for serial configuration devices. After selecting the serial configuration device, the Quartus II software automatically generates the Programmer Object File (.pof) to program the device. The software allows users to select the appropriate serial configuration device density that most efficiently stores the configuration data for a selected FPGA. The serial configuration device can be programmed in-system by an external microprocessor using SRunner. SRunner is a software driver developed for embedded serial configuration device programming that you can customize to fit in different embedded systems. The SRunner can read .rpd files and write to the serial configuration devices. The programming time is comparable to the Quartus II software programming time. Note that writing and reading the .rpd file to the EPCS is different from other data and address bytes. The LSB of .rpd bytes must be shifted out first during the read bytes instruction and the LSB of .rpd bytes must be shifted in first during the write bytes instruction. This is because the FPGA reads the LSB of the .rpd data first during the configuration process. f For more information about SRunner, refer to AN 418: SRunner: An Embedded Solution for Serial Configuration Device Programming User Guide and the source code on the Altera website (www.altera.com). Serial configuration devices can be programmed using the APU with the appropriate programming adapter (PLMSEPC-8) via the Quartus II software, USB Blaster, EthernetBlaster, or the ByteBlaster II download cable via the Quartus II software. In addition, many third-party programmers, such as BP Microsystems and System General, offer programming hardware that supports serial configuration devices. During in-system programming of a serial configuration device via the USB Blaster, EthernetBlaster, or ByteBlaster II download cable, the cable pulls nCONFIG low to reset the FPGA and overrides the 10-k pull-down resistor on the FPGA's nCE pin (refer to Figure 3-2). The download cable then uses the four interface pins (DATA, nCS, ASDI, and DCLK) to program the serial configuration device. When the programming is complete, the download cable releases the serial configuration device's four interface pins and the FPGA's nCE pin, and pulses nCONFIG to start configuration. The FPGA can program the serial configuration device in-system using the JTAG interface with the Serial FlashLoader. This solution allows you to indirectly program the serial configuration device using the same JTAG interface that is used to configure the FPGA. f For more information about the Serial FlashLoader, refer to AN 370: Using the Serial FlashLoader with the Quartus II Software. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Operating Conditions 3-31 f For more information about programming and configuration support, refer to the following documents: Altera Programming Hardware Data Sheet Programming Hardware Manufacturers USB-Blaster Download Cable User Guide ByteBlaster II Download Cable User Guide EthernetBlaster Communications Cable User Guide Operating Conditions Table 3-18 through Table 3-22 provide information about absolute maximum ratings, recommended operating conditions, DC operating conditions, and capacitance for serial configuration devices. Table 3-18. Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Symbol VCC Parameter Supply voltage for EPCS1, EPCS4, and EPCS16 Supply voltage for EPCS64 and EPCS128 VI DC input voltage for EPCS1, EPCS4, and EPCS16 DC input voltage for EPCS64 and EPCS128 IMAX IOUT PD TSTG TAMB TJ DC VCC or GND current DC output current per pin Power dissipation Storage temperature Ambient temperature Junction temperature No bias Under bias Under bias Condition With respect to ground With respect to ground With respect to ground With respect to ground -- -- -- Min -0.6 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -- -25 -- -65 -65 -- Max 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 15 25 54 150 135 135 Unit V V V V mA mA mW C C C Table 3-19. Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol VCC VI VO TA Input voltage Output voltage Operating temperature For industrial use For extended industrial temperature tR tF Input rise time Input fall time -- -- Parameter Supply voltage (2) Respect to GND -- For commercial use Conditions Min 2.7 -0.3 0 0 -40 -40 -- -- Max 3.6 0.3 + VCC VCC 70 85 125 5 5 Unit V V V C C C ns ns (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-32 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Operating Conditions Table 3-20. DC Operating Conditions Symbol VIH Parameter High-level input voltage for EPCS1, EPCS4, and EPCS16 High-level input voltage for EPCS64 and EPCS128 VIL VOH VOL II IOZ Low-level input voltage High-level output voltage Low-level output voltage Input leakage current Tri-state output off-state current IOL = 1.6 mA (3) VI = VCC or GND VO = VCC or GND Conditions -- -- -- IOH = -100 A (3) Min 0.6 x VCC 0.6 x VCC -0.5 VCC - 0.2 -- -10 -10 Max VCC + 0.4 VCC + 0.2 0.3 x VCC -- 0.4 10 10 Unit V V V V V A A Table 3-21. ICC Supply Current Symbol ICC0 Parameter VCC supply current (standby) for EPCS1, EPCS4, and EPCS16 VCC supply current (standby) for EPCS64 and EPCS128 ICC1 VCC supply current (during active power mode) for EPCS1, EPCS4, and EPCS16 VCC supply current (during active power mode) for EPCS64 and EPCS128 Table 3-22. Capacitance (Note 4) Symbol CIN COUT Parameter Input pin capacitance Output pin capacitance VIN = 0 V VOUT = 0 V Conditions Min -- -- Max 6 8 Unit pF pF -- -- 5 5 15 20 mA mA -- -- 100 A Conditions -- Min -- Max 50 Unit A Notes to Table 3-18 through Table 3-22: (1) For more information, refer to the Operating Requirements for Altera Devices Data Sheet. (2) Maximum VCC rise time is 100 ms. (3) The IOH parameter refers to high-level TTL or CMOS output current; the I OL parameter refers to low-level TTL or CMOS output current. (4) Capacitance is sample-tested only at TA = 25 xC and at a 20-MHz frequency. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Pin Information 3-33 Pin Information As shown in Figure 3-21 and Figure 3-22, the serial configuration device is an 8-pin or 16-pin device. The control pins on the serial configuration device are: serial data output (DATA), active serial data input (ASDI), serial clock (DCLK), and chip select (nCS). Table 3-23 lists the serial configuration device's pin descriptions. Figure 3-21 shows the Altera serial configuration device 8-pin SOIC package and its pin-out diagram. Figure 3-21. Altera Serial Configuration Device 8-Pin SOIC Package Pin-Out Diagram EPCS1, EPCS4, or EPCS16 nCS DATA VCC GND 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 VCC VCC DCLK ASDI Figure 3-22 shows the Altera serial configuration device 16-pin SOIC package and its pin-out diagram. Figure 3-22. Altera Serial Configuration Device 16-Pin SOIC Package Pin-Out Diagram EPCS16, EPCS64, or EPCS128 VCC VCC N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. nCS DATA 1 2 3(1) 4(1) 5(1) 6(1) 7 8 16 15 14(1) 13(1) 12(1) 11(1) 10 9 DCLK ASDI N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. GND VCC Note to Figure 3-22: (1) These pins can be left floating or connected to VCC or GND, whichever is more convenient on the board. Table 3-23. Serial Configuration Device Pin Description (Part 1 of 2) Pin Number in 8-Pin SOIC Package 2 Pin Number in 16-Pin SOIC Package 8 Pin Name DATA Pin Type Output Description The DATA output signal transfers data serially out of the serial configuration device to the FPGA during read/configuration operation. During read/configuration operations, the serial configuration device is enabled by pulling nCS low. The DATA signal transitions on the falling edge of DCLK. The AS data input signal is used to transfer data serially into the serial configuration device. It receives the data that should be programmed into the serial configuration device. Data is latched on the rising edge of DCLK. ASDI 5 15 Input (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-34 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Package Table 3-23. Serial Configuration Device Pin Description (Part 2 of 2) Pin Number in 8-Pin SOIC Package 1 Pin Number in 16-Pin SOIC Package 7 Pin Name nCS Pin Type Input Description The active low chip select input signal toggles at the beginning and end of a valid instruction. When this signal is high, the device is deselected and the DATA pin is tri-stated. When this signal is low, it enables the device and puts the device in an active mode. After power up, the serial configuration device requires a falling edge on the nCS signal before beginning any operation. DCLK is provided by the FPGA. This signal provides the timing of the serial interface. The data presented on ASDI is latched to the serial configuration device on the rising edge of DCLK. Data on the DATA pin changes after the falling edge of DCLK and is latched into the FPGA on the next falling edge. Power pins connect to 3.3 V. Ground pin. DCLK 6 16 Input VCC GND 3, 7, 8 4 1, 2, 9 10 Power Ground As shown in Figure 3-21 and Figure 3-22, the serial configuration device is an 8-pin or 16-pin device. In order to take advantage of vertical migration from EPSCS1 to EPCS128, Altera recommends a layout for serial configuration devices. Figure 3-23. Layout Recommendation for Vertical Migration from EPCS1 to EPCS128 Pin 1 ID Package EPCS1 and EPCS4 available in 8-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package. EPCS16 available in 8-pin and 16-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) packages. EPCS64 and EPCS128 available in 16-pin small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) package. f For more information about Altera device packaging including mechanical drawing and specifications for this package, refer to the Altera Device Package Information Data Sheet. Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) Pin 1 ID (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Ordering Code 3-35 Ordering Code Table 3-24 lists the ordering codes for serial configuration devices. Table 3-24. Serial Configuration Device Ordering Codes Device EPCS1 EPCS4 EPCS16 EPCS64 EPCS128 Note to Table 3-24: (1) N: Lead free. Ordering Code (1) EPCS1SI8 EPCS1SI8N EPCS4SI8 EPCS4SI8N EPCS16SI16N EPCS16SI8N EPCS64SI16N EPCS128SI16N Chapter Revision History Table 3-25 lists the revision history for this chapter. Table 3-25. Chapter Revision History (Part 1 of 3) Date December 2009 Version 3.3 Changes Made Updated "Features" and "Functional Description" sections. Added "Fast Read Operation" section. Removed Table 4-2 to Table 4-9, Table 4-26, and Table 4-33. Updated Table 3-1. Updated Figure 3-2. Removed "Referenced Documents" section. Updated "Introduction", "Active Serial FPGA Configuration", "Operation Codes", "Read Status Operation", "Read Device Identification Operation", and "Package" sections. Updated Table 4-10, Table 4-25, Table 4-26, and Table 4-32. Updated Figure 4-5, Figure 4-13, and Figure 4-19. Added Figure 4-22. Added Table 4-33. Updated new document format. Updated Table 4-3, Table 4-6, Table 4-7, Table 4-28, and Table 4-29. Deleted Note 5 to Table 4-31. Added "Referenced Documents" section. October 2008 3.2 May 2008 3.1 (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-36 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Chapter Revision History Table 3-25. Chapter Revision History (Part 2 of 3) Date August 2007 Version 3.0 Changes Made Updated "Introduction" section. Updated "Functional Description" section. Updated Table 4-1 through Table 4-4 and Table 4-7 through Table 4-9 to with EPCS128 information. Added Table 4-6 on Arria GX. Added notes to Figure 4-3. Added notes to Figure 4-4. Updated Table 4-10 with EPCS128 information. Added new Table 4-11 on address range for sectors in EPCS128 device. Updated Table 4-16 with information about "Read Device Identification" and added (Note 5). Added new Table 4-21 on block protection bits in EPCS128. Added notes to Figure 4-12. Added new section "Read Device Identification Operation" with Table 4-23 and Figure 4-13. Updated "Write Bytes Operation", "Erase Bulk Operation" and "Erase Sector Operation" sections. Updated Table 4-24 to include EPCS128 information. Updated (Note 1) to Table 4-26. Updated VCC and VI information to include EPCS128 in Table 4-27. Updated VIH information to include EPCS128 in Table 4-29. Updated ICC0 and ICC1 information to include EPCS128 in Table 4-30. Updated Figure 4-21 and Table 4-34 with EPCS128 information. Updated "Introduction" section. Updated "Functional Description" section and added handpara note. Added Table 4-4, Table 4-6, and Table 4-7. Updated "Active Serial FPGA Configuration" section and its handpara note. Added notes to Figure 4-2. Updated Table 4-26 and added (Note 1). Updated Figure 4-20. Updated Table 4-34. Removed reference to PLMSEPC-16 in "Programming and Configuration File Support". Updated DCLK pin information in Table 4-32. Updated Figure 4-19. Updated Table 4-30 and Table 4-32. Updated table 4-4 to include EPCS64 support for Cyclone devices. Updated tables. Minor text updates. Updated hot socketing AC specifications. April 2007 2.0 January 2007 1.7 October 2006 August 2005 August 2005 February 2005 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Chapter Revision History 3-37 Table 3-25. Chapter Revision History (Part 3 of 3) Date October 2003 Version 1.2 Changes Made Added Serial Configuration Device Memory Access section. Updated timing information in Tables 4-10 and 4-11 section. Updated timing information in Tables 4-16 and 4-17. Minor updates. Added document to the Cyclone Device Handbook. July 2003 May 2003 1.1 1.0 (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) 3-38 Chapter 3: Serial Configuration Devices (EPCS1, EPCS4, EPCS16, EPCS64, and EPCS128) Data Sheet Chapter Revision History Configuration Handbook (Complete Two-Volume Set) (c) December 2009 Altera Corporation |
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